Elmir Simov v. Division of Occupational Licensure (SPR 20230441)

The Commonwealth of Massachusetts William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth Public Records Division Manza Arthur Supervisor of Records March 17, 2023 SPR23/0441 Jessica L. Ellis, Esq. Assistant General Counsel for Public Affairs Division of Occupational Licensure 1000 Washington Street, Suite 710 Boston, MA 02118 Dear Attorney Ellis: I have received the petition of Elmir Simov appealing the response of the Division of Occupational Licensure (Division) to a request for public records. G. L. c. 66, § 10A; see also 950 C.M.R. 32.08(1). On February 11, 2023, Mr. Simov requested, “…a spreadsheet with the emails and phone numbers of all currently licensed plumbers in MA[.]” Prior Appeal This request was the subject of a previous appeal. See SPR23/0295 Determination of the Supervisor of Records (February 27, 2023). The Division provided a response on March 6, 2023. Unsatisfied with the response, Mr. Simov petitioned this office and this appeal, SPR23/0441, was opened as a result. The Public Records Law The Public Records Law strongly favors disclosure by creating a presumption that all governmental records are public records. G. L. c. 66, § 10A(d); 950 C.M.R. 32.03(4). “Public records” is broadly defined to include all documentary materials or data, regardless of physical form or characteristics, made or received by any officer or employee of any agency or municipality of the Commonwealth, unless falling within a statutory exemption. G. L. c. 4, § 7(26). It is the burden of the records custodian to demonstrate the application of an exemption in order to withhold a requested record. G. L. c. 66, § 10(d)(iv) (written response must “identify any records, categories of records or portions of records that the agency or municipality intends to withhold, and provide the specific reasons for such withholding, including the specific exemption or exemptions upon which the withholding is based…”); 950 C.M.R. 32.06(3); see One Ashburton Place, Room 1719, Boston, Massachusetts 02108 • (617) 727-2832• Fax: (617) 727-5914 sec.state.ma.us/pre • pre@sec.state.ma.us

Jessica L. Ellis, Esq. SPR23/0441 Page 2 March 17, 2023 also Dist. Attorney for the Norfolk Dist. v. Flatley, 419 Mass. 507, 511 (1995) (custodian has the burden of establishing the applicability of an exemption). If there are any fees associated with a response a written, good faith estimate must be provided. G. L. c. 66, § 10(b)(viii); see also 950 C.M.R. 32.07(2). Once fees are paid, a records custodian must provide the responsive records. The Division’s March 6th Response In its March 6, 2023 response, the Division cited Exemption (c) of the Public Records law to redact the responsive records. Current Appeal In his appeal, Mr. Simov states, “[i]f I understand their response correctly they are not only not requiring plumbers to provide numbers and emails as part of the licensing process but they are even refusing to disclose the numbers and emails voluntarily provided by the plumbers claiming they are private information… emails and numbers on file should be provided because plumbers are businesses.” Exemption (c) Exemption (c) permits the withholding of: personnel and medical files or information and any other materials or data relating to a specifically named individual, the disclosure of which may constitute an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy; provided, however, that this subclause shall not apply to records related to a law enforcement misconduct investigation. G. L. c. 4, § 7(26)(c). Analysis under Exemption (c) is subjective in nature and requires a balancing of the public’s right to know against the relevant privacy interests at stake. Torres v. Att’y Gen., 391 Mass. 1, 9 (1984); Att’y Gen. v. Assistant Comm’r of Real Prop. Dep’t, 380 Mass. 623, 625 (1980). Therefore, determinations must be made on a case by case basis. This exemption does not protect all data relating to specifically named individuals. Rather, there are factors to consider when assessing the weight of the privacy interest at stake: (1) whether disclosure would result in personal embarrassment to an individual of normal sensibilities; (2) whether the materials sought contain intimate details of a highly personal nature; and (3) whether the same information is available from other sources. See People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) v. Dep’t of Agric. Res., 477 Mass. 280, 292 (2017).

Jessica L. Ellis, Esq. SPR23/0441 Page 3 March 17, 2023 The types of personal information which this exemption is designed to protect includes: marital status, paternity, substance abuse, government assistance, family disputes and reputation. Id. at 292 n.13; see also Doe v. Registrar of Motor Vehicles, 26 Mass. App. Ct. 415, 427 (1988) (holding that a motor vehicle licensee has a privacy interest in disclosure of his social security number). This exemption requires a balancing test which provides that where the public interest in obtaining the requested information substantially outweighs the seriousness of any invasion of privacy, the private interest in preventing disclosure must yield. PETA, 477 Mass. at 291. The public has a recognized interest in knowing whether public servants are carrying out their duties in a law-abiding and efficient manner. Id. at 292. In its response, the Division states, “…any personal phone numbers or email addresses voluntarily provided by an applicant as part of an application or renewal license are exempt from disclosure pursuant to the Privacy Exemption of the state public records laws… information such as personal phone numbers and personal email addresses of licensees that we do have on record would be redacted in response to any such request.” Based on the Division’s response, in conjunction with Mr. Simov’s claim, I find the Division must clarify whether the telephone numbers and emails addresses of the licensees are personal or business telephone numbers and email addresses. The Division must clarify this matter. Conclusion Accordingly, the Division is ordered to provide Mr. Simov with a response to the request, provided in a manner consistent with this order, the Public Records Law and its Regulations within ten (10) business days. A copy of any such response must be provided to this office. It is preferable to send an electronic copy of this response to this office at pre@sec.state.ma.us. Mr. Simov may appeal the substantive nature of the Division’s response within ninety (90) days. See 950 C.M.R. 32.08(1). Sincerely, Manza Arthur Supervisor of Records cc: Elmir Simov